Free Essays on Essay

Look at our life today; look how it has changed. Just one hundred years ago we could see O’Henry’s little secretaries typing for ten hours a day. Weak and deprived of rights, they could be easily dismissed, experience sexual harassment or encounter health problems. They had nobody to be protected by, nobody to turn to. Dark rooms, bad air, and sitting for whole day. It was cruel, but innocent world. Hours, after work, spent in front of windows of an underwear store, cheap food and little dark rooms with gas lighting in the evenings. When she stepped outside her office, she forgot where she worked, she stayed alone with herself, she was on her own planet, she was in her own world. Today we can see the same girl in front of the same underwear store with a mobile phone in her hand giving orders to bank or suppliers. Life has changed. Rhythm has changed. Conditions have changed. For good or bad? Our little hero can’t be dismissed anymore, just because boss’s wife doesn’t like her. She can’t be forced to make things she doesn’t want to do. There are days when she works for 16 hours, twice more than she should, but she is paid for these hours. Her office is cozy, bright, and comfortable. She can be promoted. She can be sent to learn. She is protected and independent. But no matter where she goes with her mobile phone on her - it’s on. Always. We find ourselves today, at the beginning of the Twenty-first century, in bright well air-conditioned offices, protected by contracts in our pockets and by armies of different employees associations. We have become more productive with the help of personal computers, electronic mail, scanners, facsimile machines, and voice message systems. Our mobile phone can take us out of bed to solve urgent problems. â€Å"Super† clients can keep us at work on the birthday of our little daughter. Where is our privacy? Where is our real life? â€Å"Buying† rules have changed and so have â€Å"sellingï ¿ ½... Free Essays on Essay Free Essays on Essay â€Å"We ought then regard the present state of the universe as the effect of its previous state and the cause of the one which is to follow. An intelligence knowing at a given instant of time all the forces operating in nature, as well as the position at that instant of all things of which the universe consists, would be able to comprehend the motions of the largest bodies in the universe and those of the smallest atoms in a single formula - provided that it was sufficiently powerful to submit all these data analysis. To it nothing would be uncertain and the future would be present to its eyes as much as the past.† This passage comes from P.S. de Laplace’s â€Å"Philosophical Essay on Probabilities.† If such determinism is true, then everyone’s every thought and action must be inevitable; that no one really has any choice about anything, because we are all helpless products of blind forces which have made us what we are. Determinism is not plausible. There are many reasons for determining how determinism is false. The arguments for determinism, can be refuted.. There are those who think that our behavior is a result of free choice, but there are others who presume â€Å"we are servants of cosmic destiny or that behavior is nothing but a reflex of heredity and environment.† The position of determinism is that every event is the necessary outcome of a cause or set of causes. That everything is a consequence of external forces, and such forces produce all that happens. Man is not free. If we accept the determinist argument and assume human behavior as a consequence of external factors rather than of free choice, then we must realize that our explanation of human be havior leaves no room for morality. If people do not choose their actions, then they are not really responsible for them, and there is no need for praising or blaming them. If determinism were true, then there would be no basis for human effort, for why should a perso... Free Essays on Essay Experts say the most influential years of a child’s life are from six to fourteen, I’m hoping they are wrong. When I was 7 my father experienced some legal troubles, which forced him to leave the house, the family, me. I remember the day perfectly; it was the day my life would change forever. I was too young to realize what was going on then, so I couldn’t comprehend why my father was leaving me. I begged him to stay and I reminded him countless times how important he was to me. But it was all in vain; I only accomplished making his departure more painful, for both of us. I began seeing the results of the tragedy and its impact on my family, the way it changed my mother, sister, and I. The damage it caused, and how each individual was able to handle adversity. My mother experienced the most difficulty adjusting. She was forced to take on a second job and still could not make ends meet. The daily torment of seeing no way out, no way to lift us out, began to take a heavy emotional toll. She did not have time to spend with us and began growing cold and irritable. The loving relationship I had with my mother came to a stop after a few years and then took a turn for the worse. She was not the kind loving person I knew her to be. When not working, she was always irritated and angry. Most of the time she would take this frustration out on my older sister. I would cry and tell her to please stop; I knew she was driving my sister away. As soon as my sister was old enough to leave the house, she did. Now I was left alone with my mother. I did not fault my sister for leaving. I knew she must search for something better. I had always idolized my sister, and for several years she acted as my mother. She was the one who punished me when I misbehaved, made me dinner, and gave me advice. I learned the things young women need to know from her, as well as the things children can’t comprehend the importance of yet. She became my mother while st... Free Essays on Essay Look at our life today; look how it has changed. Just one hundred years ago we could see O’Henry’s little secretaries typing for ten hours a day. Weak and deprived of rights, they could be easily dismissed, experience sexual harassment or encounter health problems. They had nobody to be protected by, nobody to turn to. Dark rooms, bad air, and sitting for whole day. It was cruel, but innocent world. Hours, after work, spent in front of windows of an underwear store, cheap food and little dark rooms with gas lighting in the evenings. When she stepped outside her office, she forgot where she worked, she stayed alone with herself, she was on her own planet, she was in her own world. Today we can see the same girl in front of the same underwear store with a mobile phone in her hand giving orders to bank or suppliers. Life has changed. Rhythm has changed. Conditions have changed. For good or bad? Our little hero can’t be dismissed anymore, just because boss’s wife doesn’t like her. She can’t be forced to make things she doesn’t want to do. There are days when she works for 16 hours, twice more than she should, but she is paid for these hours. Her office is cozy, bright, and comfortable. She can be promoted. She can be sent to learn. She is protected and independent. But no matter where she goes with her mobile phone on her - it’s on. Always. We find ourselves today, at the beginning of the Twenty-first century, in bright well air-conditioned offices, protected by contracts in our pockets and by armies of different employees associations. We have become more productive with the help of personal computers, electronic mail, scanners, facsimile machines, and voice message systems. Our mobile phone can take us out of bed to solve urgent problems. â€Å"Super† clients can keep us at work on the birthday of our little daughter. Where is our privacy? Where is our real life? â€Å"Buying† rules have changed and so have â€Å"sellingï ¿ ½...

Definition of Room Temperature

Definition of Room Temperature To the average person, room temperature is the thermometer reading of the room. In science and industry, the temperature is defined. However, not everyone uses the same value: Room Temperature Definition Room temperature is a range of temperatures that denote comfortable habitation for humans. Over this temperature range, a person isnt either hot or cold when wearing ordinary clothing. The definition of the temperature range is somewhat different for science and engineering compared with climate control. For climate control, the range is also different depending on whether its summer or winter.In science, 300 K can also be used as room temperature for easy calculations when using absolute temperature. Other common values are 298 K (25 °C or  77  Ã‚ °F) and 293 K (20 °C or  68  Ã‚ °F). For climate control, a typical room temperature range is anywhere from  15  Ã‚ °C (59  Ã‚ °F) and 25  Ã‚ °C (77  Ã‚ °F). People tend to accept a slightly higher room temperature in the summer and lower value in the winter, based on the clothing they would wear outdoors. Room Temperature Versus Ambient Temperature Ambient temperature refers to the temperature of the surroundings. This may or may not be a comfortable room temperature.

Chinese Birth Control Policy and gender discrimination Research Paper

Chinese Birth Control Policy and gender discrimination - Research Paper Example On the other hand, opponents of this policy have criticized the legislatures claim, and they argue that this policy had violated human rights especially when married couples are forced to an perform abortion or forced to use birth control methods. Additionally, in its approach towards population control, Chinese government has been established to discriminate against women. For instance, a report released by a United Nations Agency indicated that nobody in China reports cases of sex selective abortions, prohibition of infanticide and abandonment of female infants (Goh 15). In the current world, China has the highest population of over 1.2 billion, or 20 percent of the world’s population (Goh 57). However, the ratio between male and female is 120 males to 100 female (Goh 57). As the Chinese population control remains a significant issue in the Chinese government, the search for demographic goals has overshadowed the needs and interests of women and girls. This has led to seriou s discrimination against women in offices, abuse by officials and civil servants, and use of physical violence against women (Thoma 24). For instance, in many Chinese communities, women and girls are forced to be sterilized or use contraceptives, as a birth control method. ... ited for a number of significant achievements such as its international influence, huge and powerful military, its role in the free-market capitalism, and its growing prosperity. However, the issue of â€Å"One-Child policy†, which it introduced in the last three decades, still remains as a controversial issue, in the Chinese government. Communist Party officials insisted that they had to check population growth rate, and reduce the population to 1.2 billion by the year 2000 (Thoma 9). In 1980, the party officials also announced that several couples will not be allowed to have more than one child, with the exception of some few individuals. Earlier in 1949, after decades of war, unrest and epidemics, which were perceived as economic boom, Mao Zedong claimed â€Å"Even if China’s population multiplies many times, she is fully capable of finding a solution; the solution is production† (Thoma 43). Mao’s main motive was that a larger population was a necessity for a modern industrialized state. After some years of economic growth and prosperity, Chinese legislatures realized that the growing population was almost overtaking the country’s food supply. In 1955, several political leaders, led by Deng, reversed Mao’s claim, and vigorously campaigned to promote birth control. In 1962, a massive famine hit China, and over 30 million people were pronounced dead. This made political leaders to intense their campaign for population control, and between 1970 and 1976, the China’s population had dropped by half the initial population (Thoma 56). China’s â€Å"One-Child† Policy In the aftermath, a policy that required married couples, especially from Han community, to give birth to one child was introduced. This policy, however, exempted ethnic minorities. Under the

OSHA Guide Rhetorical Analysis Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

OSHA Guide Rhetorical Analysis - Assignment Example The present research has identified that the guide is a professional document that employs technical standards to pass its message. The document addresses the audience in a precise manner that ensures everything is made clear and straightforward from the beginning. The audience is gradually introduced to the problems and challenges encountered in the workplace, workplace safety measures and what is being done to solve the problems. The document opens in a manner that immediately introduces the audience to the main aims and objectives of the document. It is clear that any employee wants a workplace that is safe and with no technical challenges. Making this the core objective of the document from the beginning makes it draw more attention from the reader. Information presented in the document is precise and to the point. Diagrams and charts have been used to summarize important details to enhance faster comprehension by the audience. Similarly, important points are either bold or writt en in bullet points. This enhances the readability and comprehensiveness of the document and makes things clear and precise for easier comprehension. A quick scan of the document can be done by following the table of contents and the points emphasized in the document. This mode of presentation is beneficial both to the author and the audience. On the part of the author, the details required to complete the document are minimized. The format also favors the audience because scanning of the document can be easily done to capture the content, goal, and purpose of the guide. The guide presents the problem to the audience in a concise manner by use of charts and diagrams. The charts are colored and magnified in order to emphasize their relevance and significance to the reader. Information presented in the charts helps to emphasize the fact that workplace injuries are maximized and, therefore, this is a problem in the workplace. It creates the need for quick action and solutions on how to minimize workplace injuries by improving safety measures.

Alice and Wonderland Essay Example for Free

Alice and Wonderland Essay Title Alice and Wonderland 20120 Screen Writer Linda Woolverton Director Tim burton March 5, 2010 The Scene Scene Design Throughout the whole movie the scenes keep changing going from a reality to something what seems like a dream. The scenes are over the top and amazing and fit the film 100 percent of the time. Lighting Design Alice is transitioning from the dark forest to the bright but destroyed looking tea party as the two settings are a mix of contrast. At the same time the characters are contrasted to their surroundings as they are much brighter than their environment. The clashing of light and dark colors show that the creatures of Wonderland are at war. Sound Design The sound not only help move the story and convey the emotion everyone is looking for, but also to help give that Tim Burton feel. I feel like he wants his films to fit within the overall context of pop culture and film in general. This movie really try to keep a realism and timeless funkiness to the sound and resist the temptation to create sounds or design scenes to be too over the top or distracting. Costume Design The costume designer relied on extensive hair and makeup. I love the volume and rama in all of the costumes featured in the movie. I actually didnt mind Alice shrinking into a size of a pea and magnifying into a giant because her dresses would change into something beautiful every time it happened. Im a sucker for drama, colors, and volume. So of course my favorite was the costume design of Johnny Depps Mad Hatters costume was hauntingly beautiful, despite the tears and holes that gave Offa creepy but delicate look. 1 . Long/medium/close-ups Alice and Wonderland is a movie with many different camera shots. This film is shot in more of a wider viewing. With some minor close ups throughout the movie 2. Camera angle The visual effects are stunning, especially in 3D. When hurtling down the hole, the camera angles shoot from Alices perspective. The 3D enhances the swooping landscape shots and is for the atmospheric effect. It pulls the audience more into the world and the film is better for it. Throughout the movie camera angles enhance the experience. Shots filmed through keyholes and in different perspectives allows audiences to experience Wonderland for themselves. 3. Camera movement The camera movement in this movie combines a little bit of everything. But mostly the space between the two cameras that represent the human eyes and create the illusion of depth is a main factor taken into place during this movie The Story The Plot Alice is and unconfident and confused 19 year old girl who is being forced into marriage with an English man. At her engagement party she escapes the crowd to consider whether to go through with the marriage or not. She then sees a strange rabbit and falls into a rabbit hole. Arriving in a strange and surreal place called wonderland she find herself in a world that resembles a dream she had as a little girl. It was filled with talking plants, animals, an evil queen, knights and a ferocious beats. Alice realizes that she is there for a reason and that reason is to conquer the horrific Jabberwocky and restore the White Queens place on the throne But, at the same time she is there to find herself and become the woman she is meant to be. Initial situation Alice has been mourning the loss of her father. She is troubled by unremembered memories of the past in her dreams. Alice all of 19 attends a garden party where she is surprised by an unwanted marriage proposal and the expectations that society beholds upon her. Running off distraught and confused she chases after a white rabbit. Inciting moment this whirlwind of fascinating adventure. Alice is placed in a room with a door too small for her to fit through. She is told to indulge the drink to shrink and eat the bread to grow. She goes through the door and then her adventure really begins. Complication Alice encounters complications with every new character she interacts with. Alice herself is a big complication through the movie she has to try and understand the mysteries of wonderland. She must also undergo changes from a shy innocent girl to a warrior who can slay the red queens evil beast. Climax and resolution The red queen is throwing a trial that Alice must attend. The queen is accusing frog of eating all of her tarts. There is a great deal of evidence giving again the frog. The frog is sentenced to be beheaded and Alice stand up for the frog and said to be executed by the queen. She fghts off the queens guards and escapes. She then leads an army against to queen and her evil beast. She faces the beast in an extraordinary battle when she be heads the beast and the while queens restored to power in Wonderland. Denouement After Alice came back from Wonderland she returned as a new woman. As she urned down the wedding proposal and worked for a man opening trade up in China. She went to China at the end and sees the butterfly from wonderland. Alice never promised to come back to wonderland only to never forget. The Characters Major Characters Alice She is destined to slay the red queens killer beast. Alices experience in Wonderland is about reconnecting with herself and finding out that she has the strength to be more confident in figuring out what she wants. The Mad Hatter- He has been awaiting Alices arrival back to wonderland. Mad Hatter is Alices protector he would go to and length to help or protect her. He is her on true friend and believed in her even when no one else does. The Red Queen- She rules with and anger like no other always wanting to behead people at the slightest thing. She stole the crown and the throne from her sister the white queen. The Red Queen is also meant to stop the prophecy from becoming true and to stop Alice from defeating the her killer beast. The beast that gives her the rule over Wonderland. Minor Characters Absolem- He is the character in wonderland that people go to for answers. He is the keeper of the scroll and knows all of Wonderlands history. The White Rabbit- His Job as to make sure Alice made it to Wonderland and to keep her on her path through the movie. The White Queen- Her role in this movies is to help Alice gain her The Actors Mia Wasikowska played Alice who is a movie actor that was the perfect person to play the role of Alice. Johnny Depp played The Mad Hatter who is a theatrical movie actor and did an amazing Job in the roll. Anne Hathaway played the White Queen who is a Movie actress who I love her, she makes whatever roll she plays magnificent. Helena Bonham Carter plays the Red Queen. She is a movie actress and did perfect in this role and didnt go overboard. Matt Lucas played both TweedleDee and TweedleDum he is a great movie actor but I would have liked to see a little more from him in this movie. Michael Sheen plated the White Rabbit who is a movie actor and played a good roll he was very funny and to the point. Stephen Fry was great at playing the Cheshire Cat she is a new movie actress to most people. She played the character and the was role perfect for her. Alan Rickman played as the Blue Caterpillar he is a movie actor and the caterpillar has always been one of my favorite characters and he did a great Job bringing him to life. The Director Individual style, other major works, biographical context Tim Burton is one of the most unusual and unique directors of our time. He brings characters to life by putting them in a place they dont belong. Tim Burton points out the misfit character and shows how different they are. His use of camera angles, lighting, and sound give the viewers a different perspective on the movies, and help pick out the individual character. Some of his movies include Alice in Wonderland, Beetlejuice, The Addams Family, Dark Shadows The Corpse Bride, Charlie and the chocolate factory, and Edward Scissorhands.. Burton has directed 16 ilms and produced 12. Burton was born on August 25, 1958 in Burbank, California. He majoring in animation at the California Institute of Arts. He worked as a Disney animator for less than a year before going out on his own. He became known for creating visually striking films that blend themes of fantasy, horror, and comedy all into one film The Screenwriter Linda Woolverton is a born teacher. She has a gift for clarifying the underlined edge of storytelling. She is amazing at taking an idea and creating into something edge She has wrote works like Beauty and the Beast, The Lion King, Alice in Wonderland, She also had a part in Aladdin, Mulan, and Arctic Tale. Linda Woolverton was born 1959 in Long Beach California. She wrote a couple screenplays for Disneys animated film Woolverton then went on to write some Broadway performances. She also co-wrote a book for Broadway and then she wrote her own book. The genre, type, and period tragedy _ drama _ comedy _ musical comedy _ musical drama Genre Type The genre type of Alice and wonderland is a Fantasy. Period other The period time of the movie would have been recorded and filmed in 2010, the Era of the movie would represent the nineteenth century. You can see this by the way they talk and the look they have bestowed upon them selfs. The Context Philosophical Historical The new Alice and Wonderland is inspired by Lewis Carrolls Alices Adventures in Wonderland and served as a sequel to the original disney movie. The film was created when the Walt Disney Company handed over 250 million Social There is a lot in this movie about social rights. The red queen forced herself in charge and condemned anyone who opposed her to death. This could represent to social fght for power or freedom. This goes on and on through the movie you are told y some flowers that they are the lower social class. Religious I could not find a religious meaning behind Alice in Wonderland 2010 What you like I would watch this movie over and over again its comical, adventurous, and a little creepy the animation of the movie keeps me involved the whole time. What you think This movie to me was all around great from the beginning to the end. One of my favorite parts of the movie was when Alice meet the caterpillar and then again when she fought the Red queens killer beast. Although I do feel like they that could have gone a little move overboard with the overall movie.

Report on Arcadias TOPMAN Essay -- Arcadia Business Management Essays

Report on Arcadia’s TOPMAN Introduction On the following pages you will find a formal report investigating Arcadia’s TOPMAN. It is a detailed report looking into several different areas of TOPMAN. In this report you will find information about: - The businesses legal status - The businesses objectives - The different department within the business and what they do - The management style the business uses - The culture the business has - The ICT used in the business - The types of communication used in the business There are at several different types of business the main ones being sole trader, partnership, private limited company, public limited company and franchise. All of the above company types are slightly different from each other. A sole trader is a company that is owned by one person. They are their own boss, they make their own decisions, all the profit that the business makes they have, they have the freedom that you don’t get when you are working for someone and a sole trader business is easy to set up. Also being a sole trader has disadvantages, the owner has to deal with all of the loss of the company (unlimited liability), they have to work long hours because they have to run the business them selves, they have fewer holidays than you would working for someone because they have to do everything them selves, getting money to start up a sole trader business can sometimes be hard because if a loan was needed banks hesitate when giving sole traders a loan because a very few amount of sole trader business succeed, they usually go out of business in the first year of trading. A partnership is a company that has to be owned by between two and twenty people. Investors in a partnership company can decide to join the company as a sleeping partner which is a person who invests money into the business but takes no part in the running, because there are lots of people running the business all the experience that every member of the workforce can be shared, all of the workload that needs to be don’t can also be shared, all of the loss or expenses can be shared between all of the partners therefore there would be a less amount to pay, the money that is needed to start the business can be made easier because there is a lot more people to combine there money together, also getting a... ... in higher profit turnover. Not only was the version 5 till system a strength but it also created a weakness, when the till system was first introduced for the first 4 weeks there were a lot of problems with them, they started, working extremely slow, declining most cards that customers wanted to pay with, freezing. All of the above problems caused TOPMAN to loose a lot of customers, when these problems happened the till had to be re-booted which took on aerage 10-15 minutes and customers used to get fed up and leave. Communication in TOPMAN is highly important when it comes to meeting there objectives, because TOPMAN has so many departments that are spread out all over England it is extremely hard to communication with everyone, but it is important. TOPMAN has developed several ways to effectively communicate with all of them departments whether it’s through e-mail, or telephone TOPMAN has a way to communicate with every person in the business at any time. So the communication in TOPMAN is very effective and helps TOPMAN achieve all of its objectives by providing every member of staff with the option to communicate with anyone they need at any time.

Rhetorical Analysis of Thomas Jefferson’s Inaugural Address Essay

Ethos – â€Å"Utterly, indeed, should I despair did not the presence of many whom I here see remind me that in the other high authorities provided by our Constitution I shall find resources of wisdom, of virtue, and of zeal on which to rely under all difficulties.† In this section Jefferson names the first official document of America and states that it has provide and will provide the U.S. with everything it needs to be successful. Jefferson mentions his trust that he puts in the document and all that wrote it. Jefferson shows the citizens that because he and others made the document, they should be trusted, because the Constitution made America free from British rule. The Constitution unifies the U.S. also, it only states what need be, not things like divisions of political parties and what not. Diction – Jefferson’s constant use of words like us and we helps bring the U.S. together as a country regardless of whether you are federalist or democratic republican. It eases the tension between both parties. Pathos – â€Å"Called upon to undertake the duties of the first executive office of our country, I avail myself of the presence of that portion of my fellow-citizens which is here assembled to express my grateful thanks for the favor with which they have been pleased to look toward me, to declare a sincere consciousness that the task is above my talents, and that I approach it with those anxious and awful presentiments which the greatness of the charge and the weakness of my powers so justly inspire.† Jefferson begins his address by telling us he is thankful for being elected President and he states that he is humble by saying that he will provide the nation with the best care possible, no matter the cost. This statement hardens the people’s belief that they have chosen the right person for the job. He says he is grateful and humbled by the offer, there for appealing to our patriotism and admiration for who he is. Tone – Jefferson’s tone throughout the address is both humble and asserting. He states that he is both grateful and humbled by the offer of a Presidency. He also asserts his opinions and notions of unity and the country’s strength, invigorating the audience. Audience – The majority of the audience does prefer one side or the other regarding political parties. This speech is intended to reach out to everyone, including children. I think some might say that he is favoring Republicans, which may affect the tone of the speech for them. Everyone, however, is united as a nation by the address regardless of their political views.

Reading Assessment Essay

In chapter 7, Taking Notes From Reading Material, my scores for the pre- assessment (550) and the post assessment (750) increased slightly. One process that made my score increase was that I initially did not understand how to effectively highlight my material. Highlighting is so very critical because a person could waste time and energy when they could be doing other assignments. For a moment I thought the author had gone back into time and took a look at my notes from yesteryears. I was a perfect example of a passive learner who would highlight un-important phrases and sentences until I had a colored a lot of nothing. Active learners highlight less and try to grasp as much as they can while reading, thus avoiding re-reading. The highlighting issue was definitely a weakness of mine, but I will apply the techniques from the text to curb that problem. While not a great highlighter I can say that my note taking ability has always been a strong suit for me. I plan on taking some steps from the lesson to improve on that as well. Effective note taking saves time and makes learning easier to retain. 3 In Chapter 8, Improving Reading Comprehension, my pre-assessment scores (550) and my post assessment scores (650) are almost identical. I believe that to be because most of the reading I had never experienced before or it could have been due to the fact that I have been out of school a very long time. Nevertheless, there are certainly some habits that I need to build upon to improve my personal reading comprehension. Knowing your purpose and reading responsibility is very important while learning. A person’s reading purpose could be for their own greater good, to just challenge themselves, or to just be intent. One’s reading responsibility allows you to be able to answer questions during an exam or just keeping for use later on. If a person doesn’t have a purpose or responsibility they have no direction and time is wasted. I did learn that being more engaged helps me learn better. In Chapter 9, Revving Up Your Reading, my scores for the pre-assessment (350) and the post assessment (600) nearly doubled. This was in result to the fact that speed reading is totally new to me. I have never experienced or taught how to speed read so this is a new learning curve to me. One weakness that I discovered about myself if that I prefer to read moving my lips or out loud slightly. According to the text, talking to yourself while reading tires you out, slows you down, and it limits one’s comprehension. This is a sign of a passive reader, which also is referred to as low gear. Low gear generates 100-300 words per minute. Everyday reading (magazines, newspapers) would be considered as middle gear. This generates 300-600 words per minute. High gear puts out about 600-1000 words per minute and is mostly used for skimming and pre-viewing. 4 The first activity (page 201) helped me understand a few traits that I learned about myself. Though I am a slow reader, I have been able to take good notes, understanding the information and having a fairly wide vocabulary. To keep my mind from wandering I am going to make an attempt to become a faster reader, which should help me focus better and not lull myself into a daze. The phrasing activity (page 241) was a very interesting challenge. Phrasing allows active readers to take a key word or thought and put a slash in between key words or phrases. This allows a person to get information without reading it verbatim. While most passive readers read one word at a time, phrasing allows a person to read more effectively and saving time in the process. My next reading project I plan on using phrasing and becoming a more passionate, engaged reader which in turn helps me retain what I am reading. The steps and ideas that I have learned will enable me to become a better reader who enjoys while learning. Speeding up my reading in addition to my note taking skills should allow me to finish more projects faster and then be able to move on to something else. Reference 5 Beale, A. M. (2007). Success Skills: Strategies for Study and Lifelong Learning. Mason OH: South-Western Cengage Learning.

Characteristics Of Biblical Wisdom Books Religion Essay Example

Characteristics Of Biblical Wisdom Books Religion Essay Example Characteristics Of Biblical Wisdom Books Religion Essay Characteristics Of Biblical Wisdom Books Religion Essay and will detest those who follow Him. Besides in Israelite tradition, the warnings of the danger of foreign civilizations ( their Gods, and adult females! ) . Then throughout the Wisdom books, particularly in Proverbs, the two ways: that of the wise, who follow the counsel of seniors, and tribunal Lady Wisdom ; and that of the foolish, who fail even to larn from their ain errors, and shun the voice of Lady Wisdom to follow in the ways of Lady Folly. All of the Ancient Near East civilizations had their portion of wisdom literature. Often these sapiential plants form the classics of a given civilization s literary end product. Greece, for illustration, gives us such truth as the unexamined life is non deserving populating from Socrates, All work forces by nature desire to cognize from Aristotle, and of class the wise advocate carved into the portal at the Oracle of Delphi: Know Thyself, which is told to us by Plato in his wide-ranging work, Charmides. The cardinal desire for cognition as such characterizes human nature. Many writers from clip immemorial to today go on to work out their apprehension of human nature, themselves, and above all God and his relationship to us. All of these are cardinal subjects of Wisdom Literature. Murphy speaks of the Wisdom Literature and its timeless instructions, its eminently practical nature, its cosmopolitan impact. How do I carry on myself in a righteous mode, so that I and my family/tribe/nation might thrive, and live in the visible radiation of the Lord s approvals? How do I avoid the booby traps of so many people we see around us who are ensnared in all kinds of calamities? These are practical concerns of people of every state and coevals. Murphy points out while the scriptural Wisdom Literature is divinely inspired ; it speaks to us in ways curiously abstracted from history and civilization. As such, civilizations can pull this cosmopolitan wisdom from its adjacent civilizations, following its experience and wisdom for the prosperity of its ain kids. Much of the scriptural Wisdom Literature is closely related to traditions of other Ancient Near Eastern cultures. Much of the Book of Proverbs seems to hold been pulled as big balls from a similar book of Egyptian beg inning. The character of Job resembles a Babylonian narrative from the 2nd millenary BCE. The Song of Songs has its equivalents in the adjacent civilizations, though few enjoy the length and elegance of the scriptural version. This free incorporation of foreign beginnings of Wisdom Literature into the divine canon of Scripture evidently speaks of the catholicity of human wisdom, but besides of disclosure itself. Put in pointed footings, if God saw fit to acknowledge the wisdom of the heathen Egyptians and hold them incorporated into some of the chapters of the scriptural Book of Proverbs ( for illustration ) , that tells us we ought to be unfastened and watchful to the possibility of happening godly wisdom-perhaps expressed in an uncomplete way-in the wisdom in other civilizations and spiritual traditions, as we see clearly in the instance of Wisdom Literature. Murphy mentioned early in his text that Wisdom Literature has ever been a spot fishy, in portion because of its clear incorporation of stuff from outside Israel, and in portion from its more universal-and less clearly religious-subject, doing in many texts really few mentions to the specific faith tradition of Israel. But tradition-both Judaic and C hristian-attests dependably to the natural, necessary, and godly inclusion of these texts. For illustration, on the inquiry of the canonicity of the Song of Songs, easy one of the more controversial inquiries of rightness for Godhead canonicity, the great Rabbi Akiba ben Yosef testified, The whole universe is non deserving the twenty-four hours on which the Song of Songs was given to Israel, for all the Bibles are holy, but the Song of Songs is the Holy of Holies. Due to their poetic composing, many parts of the Wisdom principal are really hard to day of the month. Poetry by nature transcends beyond the normal scope of historic or cultural mentions to achieve its cosmopolitan truth. The fact that these books were intended to hold cosmopolitan entreaty and resonance agencies that they defy efforts to day of the month them. Job, for illustration, one of the longest of books, has non a individual identifiable historical mention, every bit good as holding the broadest scope of vocabulary. Other plants, such as Sirach and the Book of Wisdom can be comparatively dated to the early inter-testamental period. Likewise, the book of Psalms is a aggregation of anthem and supplications which were independently composed over a great period of clip, and frequently admit of characteristics enabling them be dated, at least by and large. At the clip of Jesus, Wisdom Literature was still comparatively new, but of increasing importance in the spiritual piousness and devotedness of his twenty-four hours. The survey of Wisdom Literature, so, provides us non merely with an penetration into the spiritual ambiance of the really early yearss of Christianity and that intertestamental period in which Jesus and the apostles lived and worked, but it provides us besides a broader grasp of the Bible in general. The Wisdom Books differ markedly from the remainder of the bible, and provides some of the most colorful literature in the Old Testament. So in analyzing these books, we give ourselves a better apprehension of the really wide base on which the Old Testament stands, and hence on which the Christian religion remainders. The Book of Job depict how the chief subject of this book is developed, how we read it in the visible radiation of Christian disclosure, and how its message may come into usage in pastoral state of affairss. There are several critical togss that weave through the scriptural book of Job, and merit treatment: theodicy ( the inquiry of the being of God in face of the job of immorality ) , the agony of the inexperienced person ( and the Deuteronomistic position of good and evil ) , and the development in the construct of Satan. The Righteous Sick person is a character in a Babylonian text that may hold been the theoretical account for the scriptural presentation of Job. He is beset by all sorts of disease and accidents. He is mocked even by his slaves, which in the Ancient Near East would hold been a profound abuse. This adult male fell to the deepnesss of human being. This sick person asks the inquiry that every grownup at one clip or another has asked: Why me? And this sick person provides a kind of expectancy by 500 old ages of the scriptural Job, who will inquire precisely the same inquiry. The necessary inquiry that Job brings to us, as Murphy tells us, is that of the agony of the inexperienced person. Our supporter was no great evildoer, non one who deserved the agony that befell him. When confronted with his friends who try to soak off his penalty as effect for wickedness, he knew that this was an overly simplistic rationalisation. Job did non give in to the facile accounts of his friends, the co nventional wisdom of his clip, to happen the reply to his agony. He knew he did non merit what happened. The response which the book of Job provides goes far beyond the bounds of Ancient Near East faiths, and reveals a God who is both utterly transcendent-and yet who is of all time closely near to those who suffer. Our life is non like a film where at the terminal everything is resolved and the hero wins and we move on merrily. The agony does non ever travel off. The enigma is non ever solved. Questions remain. Job is here to state us that that is all right. As Murphy tells us in his remarks, if any book, commentary, talk wholly resolves the book of Job, throw it out, it is a fraud. It is non within human capacity to penetrate the enigma. The simple response merely does non work. Satan, who is mentioned in Job 1:6-12 and 2:1-7 is non the individual we think of when we imagine the Satan or Satan as he is described in the New Testament. This character is non called Satan as though it were his proper name. This was originally a common noun, ( the adversary , the accuser ) , bespeaking an office. Satan we see in the book of Job is a member of the celestial tribunal, and is a merely and unsloped individual, an agent who God has commissioned to ferret out the unfaithful and put people to the trial. There is an development in the thought of Satan. The thought of the tester/ tempter , as an office held by a heavenly being in God s service, as we see in the Old Testament, changes into the Intertestamental and New Testament image of Satan as a proper name, as it has long been treated in the Christian head ( i.e. , Satan = the Satan ) . Merely in these ulterior times, in the Christian epoch, did this heavenly office semen to be combined with the evil 1 who brings people to their ruin: Jesus facing the Satan, the Satan we hear about in the Gospel who tempted Jesus, and who we hear about elsewhere in the bible, such as St. Paul. That leads to the inquiry ; did we contrive Satan, and the thought of an evil incarnate figure? Is that a appliance of early Christianity? Among many other writers, Henry Kelly discusses that a bogey adult male is utile for us, because we can state the Satan made me make it. Kelly s thesis is that the early Christians, without any wicked motivation, fundamentally manufactured this from assorted biblical mentions and mythology. That is non, nevertheless, what we believe as Catholics. We believe there is a uninterrupted flight of idea from comprehending this one who puts people to the trial by agencies of immorality, in the full disclosure of Christ, to a being and a world ( Satan and evil, severally ) that do oppose all that is good and all who are good in the World. What we see in Job is the seed of what we understand today. We are portion and package of this enigma. Can we truly say, The Satan made me make it? No. The Satan merely shows us something, tantalizes us, and we do the remainder. Note that in Genesis, what does the snake do that is evil? The snake does nil incorrect. It is wholly the adult female, so the adult male. And that sarcasm is sweet for Satan, and oppressing to us. That is why the phrase The Satan made me make it is such a false alibi. He didnt-we did. The Satan neer forces us anything. He merely shows us something attractive, something we will bask. And we fall for it. The Satan neer forced Adam and Eve to make anything. All he says is look into this out, and they take it from at that place. And that s the world of wickedness. Theodicy is the treatment in rational footings the possibility of the being of God in visible radiation of the inquiry of immorality and human agony. This is a topic of great involvement today, particularly in the last decennary. There have been some good written works on both sides. Agony is called the bedrock of godlessness. We can non disregard the inquiry of theodicy and atheism-not 25 centuries ago in Job, and surely non now. Theodicy involves two wide classs of immorality: Human/Moral Evil ( evil done by human moral agents ) and Natural Evil ( natural catastrophes, disease ) . How could a loving God allow the atrociousnesss of Nazi Germany? It seems incorrect for a loving God to convey this sort of enduring to the inexperienced person. For the inquiry of Moral Evil, that is the bosom of the affair. A tsunami kills 25,000 people in a few minutes. A Children s Hospital is filled with leukaemia patients. That is the most hard question-that of natural immorality. There is a Christian reply to agony, but it is non an easy reply. It goes far beyond what we are accustomed to hearing. We have to put aside oversimplified pietistic or rationalistic cliches. The reliable Christian response ( better than the word reply in this context ) is through the Cross. We live on this side of the Resurrection. Our response is non to set our custodies over our oral cavity, as Job did, but to indicate to a God who did non merely wipe out all agony, but did something even more profound: He entered into it with us. Through his ain agony of immorality through his life and decease, He destroys it from within through the Resurrection. God does non in any manner desire human agony, nor does he do human agony. But finally, whether it is natural immorality or moral immorality, God walks with us. He walked the manner long before us, and does so with us. Pope Benedict wrote that informants to the horrors of history frequently demand Where is God? but among those who ar e immersed in the world of enduring the consequence is merely the antonym. It is in the thick of enduring that they discover God. Jesus personally suffered more than any other individual perchance can. And through his life organic structure, he suffers each twenty-four hours. He suffered in the Holocaust in his self-emptying love for every psyche. All people seek some sort of theodicy, the inquiry of agony. Often it is the people who fail to earnestly see this inquiry of immorality who do go forth the religion. Those, on the other manus, who have seriously taken up the inquiry, tend to digest in their religion through these experiences. Job is introduced as a pious adult male. We see Satan turn toing God in the Heavenly Court, and disputing that people are faithful merely because God blesses them. God allows Satan to bring down the righteous Job. Job s three friends, Eliphaz the Temanite, Bildad the Shuhite and Zophar the Naamathite are the writer s lampoons of the Deuteronomistic position of good and evil being the effect of righteousness or wickedness. Reflect now, what guiltless individual perishes? Since when are the unsloped destroyed? Job acknowledges his guilt, but he insists that his present catastrophe is non due to his ain wickedness, and he seeks to stand before the Almighty who he knows has the power to kill him, and asseverate his clean scruples. As the rhythm of addresss of the three friends begins wrapping to a decision, Job s position begins to alter. His eyes begin to open to the ultimate reply to his predicament: But as for me, I know that my Redeemer lives, and that he will at last base Forth upon the dust. From my flesh I shall see God ; my inmost being is consumed with yearning. Whom I myself shall see: my ain eyes, non another s, shall lay eyes on him. He is still seeking to calculate out God, but his bosom is softening. He senses that his ain head can non penetrate the enigma of God s ways. Before God comes into the image, a 4th friend enters, named Elihu ( He is my God ) , who brings the instance against Job, carried to its extremum, put more efficaciously than his predecessors. Job knew from the start that the Deuteronomistic morality of his friends was indefensible. Job hunts for an reply throughout the class of his agony, and despite the extent and continuance of his parturiencies he remains certain that there is an reply. In Job 38, at long last God speaks for the first clip since the beginning, and through a series of powerful images, he makes it clear that He is God, His wisdom and judgement is non to be doubted. It is of import to observe that God does non admonish Job for protesting his artlessness, but instead for asseverating that God had been in the incorrect in non delivering him from his problems: Will we have reasoning with the Almighty by the critic? Let him who would rectify God give reply! Then Job answered the LORD and said: Behold, I am of small history ; what can I reply you? I put my manus over my oral cavity . He realizes that nil he could state would demo his wisdom more than staying silent in the presence of true wisdom. The exegete J. C. McCann observed: By its rejection of the traditional theory of requital, the Book of Job reveals a God whose kernel is love, and therefore a God who suffers with, for, and on history of world and the universe. The response which the book of Job provides goes far beyond what any Ancient Near East writer may hold proposed. Not a God like the Babylonian pantheon. Rather the Book of Job points us toward a God whose ways and ideas are far above humanity s ways and ideas. And it points us toward belief in the God who will be revealed to us in Jesus Christ. This book can merely be grasped-if at all-in the visible radiation of the decease and Resurrection of Jesus. Every Sunday we commemorate the life, enduring, decease, and Resurrection of Christ. And Job can merely be explained in visible radiation of that enigma. Job is something we must discourse if we are to be able to assist people who are enduring. Reading Job would non be a simple recommendation for a agony parishioner. It would be a walk with them through their agony. Job comes to the realisation that he could non perforate the enigma, but trusted in God however. That is what we finally say when we are enduring, or reding one who is. This inquiry of the enigma of religion emerges straight from Job. It is a really powerful inquiry, and there is no simple reply. But reflecting on the God who walks with us and has gone in front of us on the route of agony, we can happen some peace amidst our agony, understanding that long before we have encountered person s agony, Christ endured it long earlier. There are people today who try to monger the Deuteronomistic sort of idea: make positive and you ll be blessed. It seems great when things are traveling good. But when people suffer, they realize the emptiness of this position. Job neer adopts this facile point of position. As people who are representatives of the religion, and who come to the assistance of others, we must cognize that those replies in the terminal will ever turn out false and illusive. Easy responses are alluring when confronted with existent human agony. We must walk with those who suffer in honestness and fairness. We deny the transcendency of God if we say we have this all wrapped up. If anyone could neatly sum up it, non merely would that author be a fraud, but the God they describe would be a fraud every bit good. As echt curates of the Gospel, we must prophesy the truth in and out of season. Christian life is of its kernel communal, as is human life. That is a contemplation of the Triune God. We best under stand God when He suffers with us and for our interest, because exactly so He is revealed as a God of infinite compassion. The difference between the book of Job and our religion today is the disclosure of Jesus Christ. Through his life, decease, and Resurrection, we see evil confronted by Christ in a manner impossible by Old Testament criterions. In the visible radiation of Christ, we see that Satan as portrayed in Job is a foretaste of Satan as finally revealed by Christ. There we see how the Old Testament is fulfilled in the New Testament, that cardinal motion of Christian Theology. The Truth of God and of humanity brought to visible radiation through the Passion of Christ. A love that walks with us, so true and powerful, that it is a individual who becomes one like us and suffers with us. Then by digesting that with us, gives us the hope and certainty that we will joy with him in the Resurrection. Job was surely non without wickedness. And you could state he has no right to reason with God. But he has something of a point besides, and his friends are incorrect. He s non speckless, but neither did he merit what he suffered. Though none of us are impeccant, none of us deserve malignant neoplastic disease, or to endure in an accident, or decease a barbarous slaying. That is the inquiry of the agony of the inexperienced person. That is the inquiry of Job. Describe the patterned advance of scriptural idea on adult females that is found in the wisdom books and in the related transitions which we have studied. Where do these positions leave us with regard to our Christian positions? You may wish to remember figures such as the married woman of Job, Lady Wisdom or the Ideal Wife from Proverbs, and others. By and large, there has been a reasonably consistent word picture of adult females throughout the Biblical Scriptures. Women, perchance more than work forces, were characterized by and large as shrewd, virtuous, hardworking, or faithful if they were Israelite, and oblique, fallacious, and immoral if they were foreign. As would be expected from this mostly patriarchal period of human history, and in this part, there were far fewer adult females playing cardinal functions in traditional narratives. However, there were noteworthy exclusions, both good and bad. The great fall-person blamed for all immorality in the universe is of class the captivated Eve. Many modern theologists note, nevertheless, that this was non to impeach adult female, but instead to convict the hubby Adam for neglecting in his responsibility. The flip-side of that, back to Eve, nevertheless, is the inexplicit ( or possibly non so inexplicit ) premise that it was the hubby s function to protect his bride. Some w ill state that is natural, some will state that affirms the weaker nature of the feminine. Despite this bad start, Israelite adult females ( which Eve is or is non, depending on your position ) are hailed for their wisdom, courage, intelligence, and astuteness. Miriam, the sister of Moses, was instead crisp. She abandoned her babe brother in a basket in the reeds of the Nile, waited for the Pharaoh s girl to come by, so offered her female parent to nurse the babe, therefore reconstructing the abandoned babe back to his natural female parent. It was wondrous shrewd on the portion of Miriam, but non really blandishing to Pharaoh s girl. Deborah was a warrior and a divinely appointed Judge and prophetess during the amphictyony. She took the office when no work forces would accept it. She told a adult male Barak to raise an ground forces against the Canaanites, but that he would hold to portion his triumph with a adult female. By a unusual bend of events, the opposing general escaped Barak s ground forces, and fled into the collapsible shelter of Heber. Heber s married woman Jael heartily greeted him, so stabbed him through the caput with a collapsible shelter nog in his slumber, carry throughing Deborah s prognostication. Esther was queen to King Xerxes of Persia ( after she won a beauty competition following his deposition of his first married woman ) . She risked her life ( by looking before the male monarch unsummoned, but she had prayed and fasted ) to expose a secret plan by the male monarch s top adviser, Haman, to kill off the Israelites, get downing with Mordecai, because he refused to bow Haman. Esther reversed onto Haman everything he had intended to make to Mordecai and the Israelites, and Esther is even to today hailed as a great figure in Judaic Tradition. Judith ingratiates herself to a foreign general who threatens to assail Israel. She increasingly earns his trust, and is allowed into his collapsible shelter. While he is in a bibulous daze, she decapitates him. The foreign ground forces sans its leader disbands, and the morale of the Israelites gets a encouragement. Judith is besides still hailed as a great figure of Judaic Tradition. The Egyptian married woman of Pharaoh s castle guard, Potiphar, falsely accuses Joseph of attempted criminal conversation and colza ( to revenge for his refusal to accept to adultery ) . This is the beginning of the long about consistent form of disapprobation of foreign adult females in the Old Testament. Samson s first married woman was a Philistine. He had told a conundrum to the people of her small town, and they in bend convinced her to cajole the reply out of him. She finally convinced him, and so told the reply to her villagers, who by all histories cheated at the conundrum. She ended up remarrying Samson s friend. Delilah played reasonably much the same game with Samson, and he lost once more, this clip with much bigger bets. Neither Philistine adult female could be said to hold been portrayed in any manner favourably. Rahab was a Canaanite cocotte in Jericho who harbored the Israelite undercover agents sent as a precursor to the Israelite besieging of Jericho. She earned the favour of Israel which allowed her to protect her family, and a topographic point of award in the household tree of Jesus. She does non, nevertheless, show much nationalism toward Jericho. But she was besides the female parent of Boaz, the hubby of Ruth ( the great-grandparents of King David ) , and is praised in Hebrews 11 for her religion. Solomon, the great male monarch gifted with godly wisdom, was an inspiration to all. But he squandered his gift in service to his many foreign married womans. To his defence, they were trade goods traded in political dialogues. But in supplying worship topographic points for their foreign faiths, he was finally turned away from the Lord to their foreign Gods. This of class led to national calamity, climaxing in the division of the land and the Exile. During the Exile, the Hebrewss restore their fidelity to the Lord, realize that their agony was caused by their unfaithfulness to the gift of the Torah, and finally return to their land with a renewed dedication to covenant fidelity. When they arrived back in Israel ( Persian Jehud ) , they found the leftover that had been left behind by the Babylonians intermarried among the Canaanites. To avoid another penalty from the Lord, Ezra and Nehemiah in talking about the rebuilding of Jerusalem and the Temple besides speak about how Solomon ha d gotten in problem from foreign confederations and adult females. So what did Ezra and Nehemiah warn against? Do non get married foreign adult females. And if you re already married, throw out them from the dirt of Israel. Looking back over this study of the position of adult females in the history of Israel in Old Testament, we can see that with the exclusion of Rahab, who converts to the Israelite religion, foreign adult females are unsafe ( we could besides advert Jezebel ) , and Israelite adult females are epic ( of class there are many other adult females mentioned in the Old Testament: Abigail, Bathsheba, Rebekah, Sarah, Leah, Hannah, who fit this form ) . Traveling the treatment so to the feminine figures of Wisdom Literature, most conspicuously in Proverbs, we have some celebrated ladies come front phase: Lady Wisdom, Lady Folly, and the Ideal Wife. About from the beginning ( 1:20 ) of Proverbs, and woven throughout the Wisdom Literature ( Wisdom 7-8 ; Sir 1, 4, and 24 ; Bar 3 ; Proverbs 1-9 ) is the feminine personification of Wisdom. Throughout Proverbs we have the two ways systematically laid before us: the manner of the wise/good/life, and the manner of the fool/evil/death. These ways so go personified by the characters Lady Wisdom, who is to be embraced, to steer us along the right way, and Lady Folly, who our female parents warned us about, and the acrostic verse form of the Ideal Wife in Proverbs 31, who embodies the skilled, astute and hardworking qualities of a married woman that will convey award to her hubby and congratulations from her kids. In the Old Testament literature about God, there are several common togss, viz. , His wisdom, word, and spirit. It is interesting to observe that in the Old Testament, the lone property of God to be personalized is Wisdom. It is besides interesting to observe that merely as Wisdom Literature was shared among the civilizations of the Ancient Near East, so does the tradition of bodying Wisdom as a feminine figure. Linguistically, wisdom in Greek, is sophia, and in Hebrew, hokmah, both of which are feminine words. Therefore, when wisdom is personified, it s natural to utilize a feminine figure. About all the civilizations featured a feminine divinity ( such as Ishtar in Sumeria and Isis in Egypt ) of some kind, which was really normally related to wisdom. Even in certain Christian traditions, we can happen Michelangelo picturing Lady Wisdom in the Sistine Chapel, or images of the Trinity with a feminine figure picturing the Holy Spirit ( besides at times called the Wisdom of God ) . Finally, to happen declaration to the earlier study of scriptural adult females, we can look to the New Testament for ( as one might anticipate ) rather a different position. Jesus praises the Syrophoenician adult female for her religion. He addresses the Samaritan adult female at the well. He cures a girl of Abraham in the temple on the Sabbath. And in Luke, we have the scene where a adult female in the crowd shouts to Jesus, Blessed is the uterus that dullard you, and the chests that you sucked! A But Jesus responded, Blessed instead are those who hear the word of God and maintain it! A Of class what he was mentioning to was the same thing as in the terminal of Mark 3 ( Whoever does the will of God is my brother, and sister, and mother ) . He was widening the citizenship in the Kingdom of God beyond the state of Israel. One did non necessitate to be a girl of Abraham to be portion of the Covenant with God. Now about every Christian adult female in the universe, who would hold been a leery foreign adult female in the Old Testament, is a girl of Abraham in the New Covenant between God and His Peoples.

How to Study for Objective Test Questions

How to Study for Objective Test Questions Objective test questions are those that require a specific answer. An objective question usually has only one potential correct answer (although there may be some room for answers that are close), and they leave no room for  opinion. Objective test questions differ from subjective test questions, which have more than one potential correct answer and sometimes have room for a justified opinion. Objective test questions may be constructed as a list of possible answers, requiring the students to recognize the correct one from the list. These questions include matching, true/false, and multiple choice. Other  objective test questions, like fill-in-the-blank questions, require that the student recall the correct answer from memory. How to Study for Objective Questions Objective questions with short, specific answers require memorization. Flashcards are a helpful tool for this process. However, students should not stop with memorizing terms and definitions, as memorization is only the first step. As a student, you must gain a deeper understanding of each term or concept in order to understand why some potential multiple choice answers are  incorrect. Imagine that you need to know the effects of the Emancipation Proclamation for your history test. To succeed on the test, It is not enough to remember what the proclamation  did  accomplish. You must also consider what this executive order  did not  do. For example, you should know that the proclamation was  not  a law and that its impact was limited. This knowledge will help you predict which  wrong  answers might be presented on the test and will enable you to outsmart any trick questions. Because you should go beyond memorizing answers for your test terms, you should team up  with a study partner  and  create your own  multiple choice practice test. Each of you should write out one right and several wrong answers. Then, you should discuss why each potential answer is correct or incorrect. Tackling Objective Test Questions Ideally, you have studied hard and you know all the answers. Realistically, however, there will be some questions that you find a little tricky. Sometimes, a multiple choice question will have two answers that you can’t quite decide between. Don’t be afraid to skip these questions and answer the ones you feel most confident about first. That way, you know what questions you need to spend a little more time on. The same goes for matching style tests. Eliminate all the options you know are wrong and mark out the answers youve already used. This process will make the remaining answers a little easier to identify.

Risk Management Program Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Risk Management Program - Assignment Example Before starting to implement change as a manager, I should ask myself the following questions, what need to be achieved through this change, how will I know that the process has been attained, who will be affected by this process and when change occur how will they react. To proactively manage system change, the following principles should be applied; developing a plane, supporting it, regular communication with the affected people, and involving the main people. The first step should be to involve the key people. This involves top management and other executives whose employees might be affected. The second step is developing a plan that will oversee effective transformation. The plan will define the roles of the main people involved at the same time putting down the short and long term objectives required for changes. This plan should also be flexible to accommodate any occurrence since change is unpredictable. The third step is supporting the plan. The main purpose of this step is to enable employees adapt the changes made; this is because the new structures might require training or hiring other employees. The last step occurs through the process. This involves free communication with the employees frequently about what is happening, why the occurrence is being carried out and how they are developing is significant. Since change can instill fear on the employees, increased communication will be used to remove the fear and encourage their consistent support. As a manager, I should be always around to take suggestion or respond to questions that might arise from the employees. Coming up with employees opportunities to provide they suggestions like holding meetings will facilitate change better. Plans, policies and procedures in an organization ensure that duties and services are carried out in a consistent manner. To create a risk management policy, there are some guidelines that need to be followed; these include the purpose of the policy, how it will be imp lemented, it should be in compliant with the federal, provincial and municipal regulations, and should be documented in writing. In creating a procedure, step by step instructions are created on how to carry out the significant task. Also the supervisor should be contacted if the employee wants to go beyond the given task. Transparency in an organization is important since it ensures efficient running of an organization. To have a transparent organization, as a manager, I should close the perception gap between the senior leaders and lower managers. I should also put in place a mechanism that ensures that there is proper communication between different parties to ensure that vital issues are communicated. And as manager, incase I encounter disappointing things; I should treat employees as adults with respect. A risk management plan is a document that is created and it outline how the risk management process will be organized, the phases it will have, the way it will be carried out a nd those who will be involved. The following steps are followed in designing a risk plan; one is making a list of potential risks. Everything should be documented include the small things. All the categories of the project should be listed and every risk should be evaluated. For example if it is a cost category, the factors that may raise the cost should be determined and listed. The second is

Dissertation On Appraisals Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Dissertation On Appraisals - Essay Example From the individual's point of view, feedback satisfies a need for information about the extent to which personal goals are met (Nadler, 1977), as well as a need for social comparison information about one's relative performance (Festinger, 1954, 117-40). Second, feedback potentially can influence future performance (Ilgen et al., 1979; Kluger and DeNisi, 1996, 254-84). Third, it is believed to play a significant role in the development of job and organizational attitudes (Ilgen et al., 1981; Taylor et al., 1984, 81-124). Thus, feedback is not only important to individuals but also to organizations because of its potential influence on employee performance and a variety of attitudes and behaviors of interest to organizations. Whether these benefits actually accrue may well depend on how feedback recipients react to the feedback. Indeed, reactions to feedback are presumed to indicate overall system viability (Bernardin and Beatty, 1984; Cardy and Dobbins, 1994; Carroll and Schneier, 1982) and to influence future job performance (Kluger and DeNisi, 1996), as well as job and organizational attitudes (Taylor et al., 1984). ... Given this apparent significance of studying reactions, many researchers have bemoaned the relative lack of research on employees' reactions to appraisals (Banks and Murphy, 1985, 335-45; Bernardin and Villanova, 1986), so much so that, Murphy and Cleveland (1995: 310) referred to reaction criteria as the "neglected criteria" of performance appraisal research. Satisfaction with appraisal feedback is one of the most consequential of the reactions to appraisal feedback (Dorfman et al., 1986, 571-98; Giles and Mossholder, 1990, 371-77; Keeping and Levy, 2000, 708-23). For instance, several researchers (Giles and Mossholder, 1990; Organ, 1988) have asserted that using satisfaction as a measure of employees' reactions affords a broader indicator of reactions to appraisal feedback than more specific cognitively oriented criteria. In fact, cognitively oriented measures, such as perceived utility and perceived accuracy, are positively related to satisfaction with appraisal feedback (Keeping and Levy, 2000). In addition, because appraisals form the basis of several important decisions, satisfaction with feedback signifies recognition, status, and future prospects within the organization. Thus, more favorable attitudes about reward contingencies develop when satisfaction with feedback is high than when it is low. These various psychological implicat ions of satisfaction with feedback make it a significant determinant of future behavior and job and organizational attitudes (Taylor et al., 1984). In summary, the central role of feedback to the appraisal process and the importance of examining ratees' satisfaction with appraisal feedback are widely acknowledged (Ilgen et al., 1979; Keeping and Levy, 2000; Murphy and Cleveland, 1995). Given this, the relative lack of research on